The parish church of Burstow, originally dedicated to St Michael the Archangel but now to St Bartholomew, has existed since at least the 12th century. It first appears in the records in 1121 when the Archbishop of Canterbury gifted it to Cluniac monks based at nearby Lewes. At some point during the 13th century the church came back under archiepiscopal authority. At the Reformation it was transferred to direct royal control. Of its incumbents the earliest known is Thomas de Wamberge, appointed by the archbishop in 1294. The most notable rector was John Flamsteed, created the first Astronomer Royal by King Charles II. The parish is presently part of the Diocese of Southwark, although appointment of its rector remains, as it has done since 1536, in the hands of the Lord Chancellor.
The present church buildings contain elements dating to the 12th century, although it has been suggested that certain aspects are reminiscent of pre-Conquest architecture. Much of the fabric was rebuilt and the church considerably enlarged in the 15th century. Amidst the more striking features is the 15th century or early 16th century wooden bell tower that abuts the west end. Amongst its bells, the oldest (c. 1450) bears the inscription Sancte Thoma Ora Pro Nobis (St Thomas pray for us), a phrasing which reinforces the connection with the See of Canterbury and may indicate that the church once lay on a pilgrimage route from London to the shrine of St Thomas Becket. The churchs present appearance dates to a major restoration project undertaken in 1879-84 by Edmund Benjamin Ferrey, a student of Augustus Charles Pugin.
